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States and territories
States and territories
Australia has six states and two major mainland territories.
There are also lesser territories that are under the administration of the federal government.
The states are New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, and Western Australia.
The two major mainland territories are the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory (ACT).
In most respects these two territories function like states, but the Commonwealth Parliament can override any legislation of their parliaments.
By contrast, federal legislation only overrides state legislation in certain areas that are set out in Section 51 of the Australian Constitution; state parliaments retain all residual legislative powers, including powers over hospitals, education, police, the judiciary, roads, public transport, and local government.
Each state and major mainland territory has its own legislature or parliament: unicameral in the Northern Territory, the ACT, and Queensland, and bicameral in the remaining states.
The states are sovereign, though subject to certain powers of the Commonwealth as defined by the Constitution.
The lower house is known as the Legislative Assembly (House of Assembly in South Australia and Tasmania) and the upper house is known as the Legislative Council.
The head of the government in each state is the Premier, and in each territory the Chief Minister.
The Queen is represented in each state by a Governor; an Administrator in the Northern Territory, and the Australian Governor-General in the ACT, have analogous roles.
The federal government directly administers the following territories: Jervis Bay Territory (a naval base and sea port for the national capital—land that was formerly part of New South Wales); Norfolk Island, Christmas Island, and Cocos (Keeling) Islands (inhabited external territories); and Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, and the Australian Antarctic Territory (largely uninhabited).
Source: CIA Factbook, Wikipedia
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